105年警大國境警察學系碩士班專業英文試題解析
以下是105年警大國境所的英文試題，希望對同學帶來幫助：
一、Vocabulary and Phrase Translation（20 分）
（一）國境事務大隊 Borders Affairs Corps
（二）移民署署長 Director-General of National Immigration Agency
（三）面部辨識系統 Facial Identification System
（四）恐攻行動 Terrorist Attack
（五）性剝削 Sexual-Exploitation
（六）人口販運 Human Trafficking
（七）人流管理 Crowed Management
（八）監視錄影器 Surveillance Camera
（九）刑事司法 Criminal Judicature
（十）難民 Refugees
二、 Passage Translation（30 分）
（一）Integrated Border Management is the organization and supervision of border agency activities to meet the common challenge of facilitating the movement of legitimate people and goods while maintaining border security and meeting national legal requirements.
綜合邊界管理，是針對邊界機構活動進行監視的組織，設立宗旨是面對一般挑戰，且這項挑戰是為了疏導合法人民和貨物的行動，同一時間，不但維護著邊境安全，還要完成國家法律事務的要求。
（二）Homeland security in the US leverages resources within federal, state, and local governments, coordinating the transition of multiple agencies and programs into a single, integrated agency focused on protecting the American people and their homeland.
負責美國國土安全的聯邦政府，州級政府，地方性政府，發揮了資源的重要功效，先調節多個行政機構和計劃方案的變革過程，再化為單一的統合行政機構，成立機構後再保護人民和他們的國土。
（三）Joe Pistone was an FBI agent who went undercover to infiltrate the drug trade of the Mafia families in New York City. He was picked for the job because he knew the code of conduct of the Mafia. The operation was extremely successful, and Pistone’s information led to the conviction of 100 people.
約瑟夫·皮斯托曾是一名FBI探員，一度從事間諜活動且滲透至紐約市的黑手黨家族當中，這家族從事著毒品買賣交易。由於他知道黑手黨的行為守則模式，FBI請他擔任這份職務。而任務執行也非常成功，皮斯托獲得的情報，使得100名人員被法官定罪。
三、Reading Comprehension: Read the following two texts and answer the
questions below each text.（20 分）
（一）
The U.S. may so far have enjoyed good luck in escaping a direct EVD (Ebola virus disease) hit, but officials aren’t leaving anything to chance. The best hope for averting an EVD epidemic at home will be to keep EVD out at the nation’s borders.
Federal immigration laws authorize immigration authorities to exclude non-citizens who are determined to have a “communicable disease of public health significance”. Immigration law also authorizes the President by proclamation to suspend the entry of any group of aliens whose entry he deems to be detrimental to the interests of the United States. This little-used power could be deployed to exclude all aliens from affected areas, a policy Taiwan has recently implemented.
Under the Public Health Service Act, any individual (citizens included) may be quarantined at an international port of entry if they are reasonably believed to be carrying a designated communicable disease. As of a November 17 Executive Order
by President Obama, EVD is now a designated disease.
Thus, in tandem with airline screening, federal health authorities are carefully monitoring travelers from affected areas in Africa for EVD symptoms. With an estimated 55,000 individuals entering the country legally from all over the world on a daily basis, that is a tall order. A single EVD- infected person getting through the net
could bring down the border strategy.
The U.S. government might also frontend the border strategy through restrictions on travel by American citizens to affected areas. In a series of Cold War era decisions, the Supreme Court upheld international travel restrictions for national security reasons, and one can imagine the same rationale applying to a public health emergency. How practical it would be to prohibit－and police－a travel ban to countries such as Guinea, Liberia and Nigeria is another question.
The initial EVD defense, then, hinges on effective border control. But U.S. borders are far from under control. There are an estimated 8-9 million undocumented aliens now in the United States, a figure growing by as many as 500,000 per year. Asia is the largest contributor to undocumented immigration outside the western hemisphere, funneling illegal aliens into the United States through elaborate smuggling networks.
Any severe and fatal epidemic could just as easily make serious inroads into the U.S. through this backdoor rather than the front.
雖然美國目前僥倖逃離了伊波拉傳染病的直接病毒感染，但是政府當局仍然不漏掉病毒本土侵襲的一絲可能。在家中若要避免伊波拉病毒的侵襲，最佳的因應措施就是在國界將伊波拉病毒阻絕掉。
聯邦移民法律，已批准移民當局排除非公民人員入境，他們多半將在公共場合，帶來可傳染的疾病，此影響不可小覷。移民法律也批准總統本人，若認為將對全體美國利益帶來損害的話，可宣佈暫緩放行外來人士入境的政策。這項極為罕見的權力，可用來阻絕任何人從受影響的地域入境，且台灣最近也實施了類似政策。
在公共衛生服務法的規定下，任何人（包括公民）若是在國際港口的入境地點，被衛生人員懷疑有攜帶特定傳染性病毒的可能性的話，可以被帶去進行隔離。作為一項執行命令，且由歐巴馬總統在十一月十七日發佈，伊波拉傳染病已成為一種特定的傳染病。
因此，聯邦衛生當局搭配著航空局的篩選旅客手續，一方面也仔細監控是否有非洲旅客，從受到伊波拉傳染病影響的地區入境。估計每日有55000位來自全球四面八方的旅客入境，要執行這項命令難度不小。只要有一名受到伊波拉病毒傳染的旅客成為漏網之魚，就足夠癱瘓一整套國境戰略的防治系統。
美國政府也可能在國境的前端戰略中，限制美國公民進入受到病毒影響的地域。就在冷戰時代期間，美國最高法院做出的決策當中就有一項提到：為了國家安全的名義，對於國際旅遊限制措施可表達支持，大家都能想象到：基於同樣的基本理由，也適用於公共衛生緊急狀況。至於這項禁令的實用效果，以及警方執行幾內亞，賴比瑞亞，奈及利亞等國的旅遊禁令效果，則是另一個探討問題了。
最初針對伊波拉傳染病進行的防護工作，有賴於有效率的國境控制過程。但是美國邊境要實施嚴密控制談何容易？據估計有八百萬至九千萬沒列入檔案的外來人口待在美國境內，且數據顯示這樣的人群會以每年五十萬的趨勢成長。在西半球，沒列入檔案的人口大多來自亞洲，使得亞洲成為了最大的促成因素，這些非法外來人口藉著精心設計的網絡佈局途徑，進行走私，並湧進了美國境內。
任何嚴重且致命的傳染病，要藉著後門而非前門進入美國境內，引發嚴重的病毒入侵，這種可能性真的很容易發生。
1. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ________（C）______________.
(A) American officials don’t see any chance of escaping an immediate EVD hit
(B) non-citizens with a disease will be quarantined at the international airport
(C) foreigners with a communicable disease may legally be denied entry into the
U.S.
(D) immigration officers are empowered to keep aliens out of the U.S.
根據前三段，我們能學到哪一個選項？
（A）美國官員至今仍看不出一絲可能性，能夠免於伊波拉病毒的立即入侵。
（B）身體患病的非公民人員，在國際機場就會被隔離。
（C）患有傳染性疾病的外國人，可在合法情況下被阻絕入境美國本土。
（D）政府已授權移民當局官員，將外來人口阻絕於美國境外。
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? （A）
(A) The President rarely declares a rejection of non-citizens from infected areas.
(B) The U.S. is the only lucky country to have kept safe from an EVD attack.
(C) The interests of the U.S. are given more legal protection than public health.
(D) The Public Health Service Act has been brought into effect since November 17.
根據本文，以下哪一個敘述正確？
（A）總統宣佈拒絕非公民人口從受影響的地域入境，是罕見的決策。
（B）美國是唯一一個能免於伊波拉傳染病侵襲的幸運國家。
（C）相對於公共衛生，美國的利益才更有合法保護權。
（D）自從十一月十七日起，公共衛生服務法已開始生效。
3. The phrase “a tall order” most probably means ____________（B）____________.
(A) an ambitious plan (B) a difficult task
(C) a careful arrangement (D) an illegal decision
詞語“難度不小”最可能的意思是_________。
（A）遠大的計劃
（B）艱鉅的任務
（C）精心設計的安排
（D）違法的決定
4. The author would probably agree that ___________（D）____________.
(A) an EVD hit could be escaped by means of strict monitoring of international travel
(B) undocumented immigrants pose a serious threat to national security of U.S.
(C) all of the illegal aliens coming into the U.S. with the help of complicated smuggling networks
(D) American border strategy may fail to attain its goal of avoiding an EVD Epidemic.
作者很可能同意哪一個選項的觀點？
（A）藉著嚴格監控國際旅遊狀態的手段，可免於伊波拉傳染病的侵襲。
（B）沒被列入檔案中的移民，成為美國安全的威脅隱憂。
（C）所有入境美國的非法移民，都藉著複雜的網絡佈局，進行走私。
（D）美國邊境的防治策略，最後沒能達成防護伊波拉流行病的目標，也是有可能的。
5. The passage is primarily concerned with _______________（B）________________.
(A) the threat of EVD to the national security of U.S.
(B) the U.S. border strategy against EVD
(C) the problems in U.S. national security
(D) the crisis of a public health emergency
這段文章主要涉及哪一個選項內容？
（A）伊波拉病毒對美國國土安全產生的威脅
（B）美國打擊伊波拉傳染病的策略
（C）美國國土安全的問題
（D）公共衛生緊急狀況的危機