106年警大國境警察學系碩士班專業英文試題解析
以下是106年警大國境所的英文解析，希望對同學帶來幫助：
一、 Vocabulary and Phrases into Chinese（20 分）
1. Kidnapping 綁架
2. bail 保釋
4. attempted crime 未遂犯罪
5. criminal fine 刑事罰金
6. corruption 貪污
7. endangering public safety 危害公共安全
8. drug trafficking 毒品交易
9. life sentence 無期徒刑
10. jailbird 囚犯
二、 Translation（30 分）
(一) My answer is clear. I want this United Kingdom to emerge from this period of change stronger, fairer, more united and more outward-looking than ever before. I want us to be a secure, prosperous, tolerant country – a magnet for international talent and a home to the pioneers and innovators who will shape the world ahead. I want us to be a truly Global Britain – the best friend and neighbor to our European partners, but a country that reaches beyond the borders of Europe too. A country that goes out into the world to build relationships with old friends and new allies alike.
我的答案很清楚，我要設法在英國經歷改變期間，從過去蛻變成更富強，更公平，更團結，對外界的眼光更明亮的國家。我希望我們人民，造就出更安全，更繁榮，更耐挫的國家。能成為一塊國際才幹的磁鐵，成為一片家園，使各地先鋒和改革人士，能勾勒未來國家藍圖。我要人們成為獨一無二的世界級英國人，成為歐洲夥伴們的最好朋友和鄰居，但我們國家也能擴展至歐洲國土之外，我們國家能跨越世界的邊境，和老朋友，新盟友建立起關係。
(二) To protect our citizens, I have directed the Department of Justice to form a Task Force on Reducing Violent Crime. I have further ordered the Departments of Homeland Security and Justice, along with the Department of State and the Director of National Intelligence, to coordinate an aggressive strategy to dismantle the criminal cartels that have spread across our Nation. We will stop the drugs from pouring into our country and poisoning our youth-and we will expand treatment for those who have become so badly addicted.
為了保護我們國民，我已指導美國司法部建立起任務力量，達到減少暴力犯罪率的目的。我也進一步下令美國國土安全部，美國國務院，以及美國情報總監等，對於更有積極性的策略進行協商，以一網打盡犯罪聯合集團，且這些集團已廣泛散佈於我們國家當中，我們也會拼了命阻止毒品流入國家當中，減少毒化青年人的機會，且我們也會擴大範圍，治療嚴重上癮的他們。
三、 Cloze and Reading Comprehension（20 分）
(一)
1. ____（B）_____ is concerned with individual choices about right and wrong actions in a variety of contexts. Not all areas of our everyday conduct necessarily raise ethical questions but many do. In our personal lives we might face choices between being honest with our friends and not unduly upsetting them. Our professional lives may throw up a range of different moral 2. _____（C）____. Business people face conflicts between the goal of maximizing profits and satisfying customers. Doctors sometimes have to choose between maximizing the chances of a patient’s recovery and enabling them to make decisions about their treatment for themselves. The ethics of border security applies principles to questions about entry to national and supranational territory. Some of the principles are to do with the fair 3.____（A）_____ of citizenship and legitimate differences between decent treatment of citizens and non-citizens; other principles are to do with the special 4._____（C）____ of non-citizens if not granted entry; other principles again are to do with the treatment of illegal immigrants and the identification of traffickers and their victims. The ethics of border security should be contrasted with the law of border security, because ethics and law are distinct. Although laws are often consistent with ethical principles, there is no contradiction in the notion of an unjust or immoral law. Ethical standards can, for example, be used to criticize law. In a democracy, the law operates as a series of rules amended over time by 5. _____（C）____. Enforcement of the law resides with the government and its officials, but it is subject to the interpretation of legislation by an independent judicial system. Although law prohibits many actions which would clearly be immoral to perform, much immoral action is outside the scope of the law.
1_________，往往在各種情境當中，和個人對於正確和錯誤行動的選擇脫不了關係。我們每日的行為並非能在所有地區，提出倫理方面的問題，但依舊適用於多數地區。在我們私人生活中，或許會面臨選擇，到底要誠實對待朋友？還是要過分使他們不開心較好？我們的專業生活能夠產生各種不一樣的倫理2_________。商業人士必須作出抉擇，要達到最大利益目標較好，還是令顧客滿意較好。醫生有時要設法將病患的復原機會提到最高，使得他們能為自身的治療效果作出決定。國境安全的倫理則適用於一些原則，像是在防範恐怖分子進入國內，還是進入多個國家的問題中，作出抉擇。作出一些原則，還必須考量公民權的公平3_________以及合乎法律的，且關乎正當對待公民和非公民的區別。其他原則則是要考量對待非公民的特殊4________方式，尤其是不被許可入境的那些人。還有其他原則則是要考量非法移民的對待方式，以及鑑定拐賣人口歹徒和被害人身份的過程。國境安全的倫理，必須和國境安全的法律作出相反區隔，原因在於倫理和法律有很大的區別。雖說法律和倫理原則始終保持一致，但對於不公義和不道德的法律，並不存在矛盾現象。倫理標準在此情況下，就能對法律進行批判。在民主社會中，法律必須由5________進行超過五次的修法之後，才能付諸實行。執法過程都一直在政府當局和機關當中進行，但依舊會被獨立司法系統進行的立法解釋限制著。儘管法律已明文禁止許多不倫理的行為，但還是存在著不道德的行為，在法外之地持續發生著。
1.(A) Justice (B) Ethics (C) Righteousness (D) Appropriateness
（A）正義 （B）倫理 （C）正義 （D）合適
2.(A) hazards (B) obstacles (C) challenges (D) compass
（A）危險 （B）障礙 （C）挑戰 （D）羅盤，圓規
3.(A) privileges (B) treatments (C) status (D) opportunities
（A）基本權利 （B）對待 （C）狀態 （D）機會
4.(A) weaknesses (B) disadvantages (C) treatments (D) vulnerabilities
（A）弱點 （B）不利條件 （C）對待 （D）脆弱性
5.(A) citizens (B) stakeholders (C) parliamentarians (D) police
（A）公民 （B）利益相關者 （C）議會議員 （D）警察
(二)
Moving 6____（D）_____ to fulfill his campaign promise to get the nation’s illegal immigration problem under control, President Donald Trump signed two executive orders on Jan. 25 that constitute an almost complete 7____（D）____ of the Obama administration’s non-enforcement and open borders policy. From improving the physical barrier at our southern border to finally moving against sanctuary cities, these two executive orders put into effect a comprehensive program designed to secure our borders, implement interior enforcement, and reintegrate the assistance of state and local governments into federal efforts to enforce our immigration laws.
It has been a long time coming, but it seems to be finally happening: The federal government is actually enforcing our immigration laws. As the first order, “Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements,” correctly sets out in its preamble, “border security is critically important to the national security of the United States” and “aliens who illegally enter without inspection or admission present a significant 8____（C）____ to national security and public safety.”
The president orders the Department of Homeland Security to immediately take the following steps:
●Plan, design, and construct a physical wall, using appropriate materials and technology to most effectively achieve complete operational control of the southern border.
●End the “catch and release” policy of the Obama administration, which Border Patrol agents sarcastically referred to as “catch and run” that flooded the country with illegal aliens, as well as dramatically increase the capacity of 9___（C）____ facilities to handle this change and the number of immigration judges needed to handle alien cases.
● Return illegal aliens “to the territory from which they came pending a formal removal proceeding,” expedite determinations of apprehended aliens’ claims of eligibility to remain in the U.S., and make federal prosecutions of immigration offenses “with a nexus to the southern border” a priority.
● Hire an additional 5,000 Border Patrol agents.
● Bring state and local law enforcement agencies back into immigration enforcement to get their assistance in the “investigation, apprehension, or detention of aliens,” including through the 287(g) program, something the Obama administration did everything it could to end.
● Stop the “abuse of parole and asylum provisions currently used to prevent the lawful removal of removable aliens” by doing what the Obama administration refused to do: Apply the plain language of the provisions in immigration law that set out strict standards for 10____（D）____ and parole.
● Authorize immigration agents and even state officials who are helping federal authorities to enter all federal lands in pursuit of illegal aliens– again something that the Obama Interior Department refused to allow in areas where national parks and other lands were along our borders.
唐納.川普總統6_________兌現了競選承諾，將徹底控制國家的非法移民問題，隨後在一月二十五日簽署了兩份行政法令，且差不多是一種完全的7_________政策，和歐巴馬總統時代，所頒佈的非強制執法政策相反，且和開放國境相關。藉著在南部國境增強實質障礙設施，終於帶起行動反對了庇護城市的政策，這兩項執行命令已將整體計劃付諸於行動，且原本是為了保護我們國家的國界，執行內部的執法命令，以及將州級和地方性政府的協助成效，重新整合成聯邦政府的努力功效，以實施移民方面的法律。
這項政策已讓人等了很久，但總算是要生效了。聯邦政府正要實施移民相關法律的執法政策，就和第一項命令相同：“邊境安全和增強移民執法”在序文出現。接下來的內容如下：“邊境安全對於美國國家安全至關重要”，“外來人口若沒經過檢查或者許可就非法入境的話，將代表著一種重大的8________來源，且影響著國家安全和公共安全”。
總統已下令美國國家安全部立即採取以下措施：
●計劃好建設一座實質圍牆，運用適當材料和科技，以最佳成效達到能夠控制南方邊境的運作效果。
●歐巴馬時代原有的“先活捉再釋放”政策已結束生效，原因在於邊境行政機關的執法人員諷刺形容這項“先活捉再釋放”政策已造成國家非法外來人口的氾濫，也不得不增加9_______的容量，以應付此次變化，也迫使移民法律方面的法官須處理外來人口的案件。
●命令非法外來人口折返，“直到正式除去任何移民的前進行動前，命令他們回到前來的領域”。針對被逮捕的外來人口迅速執行，無論他們想入境美國的聲明資格如何有效，必須動用聯邦力量起訴移民人口，他們已冒犯了本土安全，若是他們和南方國境有聯結關係，必須優先處置這類人。
●僱用另外5000位國境巡邏的執法人員
●將原本州級和地方性執法機構，帶進移民執法程序，再加入“調查外來人口，逮捕外來人口，拘留外來人口”的法律，以獲得這些機構的協助。內容還包含第287條（g）項的法條，也是歐巴馬時代的行政程序將進入尾聲的時刻。
● 將“假釋條件和庇護所條款的濫用情況，且目前已用來防止法定的放逐程序，且這些人口本來就該被放逐。”的現象廢止掉，方法是將歐巴馬時代拒絕實施的法令，都貫徹實行。用淺顯易懂的語言，寫下移民相關法律的條款，且這種法律對於10_______和假釋的實施情況，已實行嚴格標準。
● 總統已賦予權利，給負責移民方面的執法人員，乃至州級官員。他們努力幫助聯邦政府當局進入所有聯邦土地，目的是為了追緝非法外來人口，同樣是歐巴馬時代內政部門一度拒絕的法令，那時候的目的曾是為了允許國家公園和其餘土地，都能沿著國境建造出來。
6. (A) swiftly (B) slowly (C) unexpectedly (D) expectedly
（A）快速的 （B）緩慢的 （C）始料未及的 （D）在預料當中
7. (A) different (B) parallel (C) up-side-down (D) reversal
（A）不同的 （B）平行線 （C）上下顛倒 （D）反向
8. (A) strength (B) risk (C) threat (D) opportunity
（A）力量 （B）風險 （C）威脅 （D）機會
9. (A) control (B) detention (C) prison (D) apprehension
（A）控制 （B）拘留 （C）監獄 （D）逮捕
10. (A) protection (B) asylum (C) anti-trafficking (D) probation
（A）保護 （B）庇護所 （C）反販運 （D）緩刑
四、 Essay（30 分） Write an essay on the topic: How Smart Border facilities help Border Police to maximize border security around the world
（範例文章）
With the rampant activities against the law are frequently happening in every corner of the world, border facilities must strictly conduct the border police by taking some powerful measures. There are some misdeeds such as human trafficking, terrorist invasion, and drug smuggling. To prevent decent people from becoming potential victims, the border facilities are responsible for filtering the coming crowed of immigrants, which means a chance for vicious gangsters would sneak in.
There were some moments when the process patrolling became lax. For example, in 2021, there were some youngsters who were enticed to seek some high-paid jobs in Cambodia. When they found everything related to the job should become scams, it was too late. A majority of them were tortured, injured, even killed. Such a tragedy was a result when the border facility in Cambodia failed to inspect anyone suspicious. Fortunately, thanks to the cooperation of border facility of Taiwan, FBI of the U.S. and Thailand police, some of the lucky youngsters were secured back to Taiwan. It was the border facility’s effectual process of contacting some trustworthy police scattering in related corners in Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, and so on. Based on this result, we could learn more about some major functions how the border facility united and assisted the border police. Most importantly, the united police from more than one nation could thwart such a notorious crime, without any barriers of language communications! Therefore, proficiency of some foreign languages is also another prerequisite if the border facility needs to hire more professional and competent new members.