107年警大國境警察學系碩士班專業英文試題解析
以下是107年警大國境所英文試題解析，希望對同學有幫助：
一、Vocabulary and Phrase Translation（20 分）
(一) Global Entry Program 全球入境計劃
(二) Trusted Traveler Program 旅客信任計劃
(三) illicit drug trafficking 非法販毒
(四) aircraft hijacking 劫機
(五) money laundering 洗錢
(六) EUROPOL 歐洲刑警組織
(七) Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA 聯邦緊急管理機構
(八) Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, DACA 童年抵達者暫緩驅逐辦法
(九) extradition 引渡
(十) refugee 難民
二、Translation（30 分）
President Trump makes no secret of his distaste for immigrants, nor of his support for measures to slash both legal and illegal immigration. Even as his crusade to close borders intensifies, however, American employers in an array of industries — manufacturing, agriculture, trucking, home building, energy, food service, retail and others — are warning that a long-brewing labor shortage is reaching crisis proportions. The causes of America’s worker shortfall include an aging population and a birthrate that recently hit a historic low. With the jobless rate bumping along at just above 4 percent, companies desperate to fill orders and meet demand are pumping up their recruiting budgets and in some cases turning to ex-convicts to fill jobs. If the employee deficit seems bad now, signs indicate it will get worse — even as Mr. Trump orders stepped-up deportation efforts and pushes legislation to slash annual legal immigration, currently about 1 million, by half.
川普總統毫不掩飾自己對於移民的鄙視態度，也不支持大幅度降低合法和非法移民的政策。就算他強化了關閉邊境的措施，美國工業當中，無論是來自製造業，農業，卡車運輸業，營造業，能源產業，餐點服務業，零售業，或是其他的領域的一群工人，都發出警訊：未來可能會發生長久以來的缺工現象，且危機占比還會高到一定程度。美國缺工的導致原因包含人口老化，生育率還達到歷史以來的新高。眼看失業率瀕臨百分之四，各家公司急著填滿訂單數量，迎合顧客的需求，還要補充聘用人才的預算，在一部分案例中還有企業打算重新聘用有前科的人士填補崗位缺額。如果員工本身問題重重，有跡象顯示情況將惡化，即使川普先生加緊放逐移民的進程，以及藉由立法力量，大幅降低為期一年的合法移民數量，情況也不會有多大改變。目前已遏制一半的移民人口。
三、Reading Comprehension（20 分）
Undocumented immigrants aren’t technically 1____（A）___ for federal means-tested benefits like Medicaid and food stamps, and under the current version of the Senate’s comprehensive immigration reform bill, previously undocumented immigrants with 2___（B）___ legal status wouldn’t be eligible to receive those benefits either. Data from the 2010 American Community Survey does indicate that foreign-born individuals in the U.S. – meaning naturalized citizens as well as legal and undocumented residents – are more likely than natural-born Americans to lack a high school diploma or live below the poverty line, both indicators of dependency upon federal benefits. But while immigrants are more likely to be low-income and thus eligible for benefits, some studies dispute that immigrants actually access those benefits at a higher rate than their 3___（B）___ in the native-born population. The government will also work to boost Britain’s economic competitiveness so it can continue to succeed in the world. The government’s 4___（D）___ welfare reforms, affecting state help for the disabled and unemployed, have already been controversial in Britain, which is struggling with a large budget 5___（B）___.
嚴格說來，沒被列入檔案中的移民，沒1________接受來自聯邦政府提供的收入限定性補助，像是醫療補助和食物券等，以及美國參議院目前進行的議案，且主要和全方面的移民改革有關。之前，沒被列入檔案的移民，他們的法律地位已處在2_______狀態，自然也沒資格得到這些福利。2010年的美國社區調查問卷也指出：那些歸化國籍的公民，合法移民，以及沒被列入檔案中的移民，和一般美國人相比，更缺乏高中畢業證書，或者生活在貧窮線之下。這兩項狀態的指標，由聯邦政府以信賴方式，公佈出福利實行狀態。雖說移民有可能是低收入人群，才具有福利資格，但也有別的研究還提出爭論，主張說：確確實實享有這些福利的那些移民，已達到比例新高，甚至比那些本土出生的3________還更有資格。政府當局將持續加緊努力，提升英國經濟的競爭力，在世界保持成功地位。而政府持續推動的福利措施，處在4________的狀態，影響州級政府進一步幫助那些殘障和失業人士，對於英國來說，這種政策實在是爭議重重，原因是英國政府還面對著最大規模的預算5________。
1. (A) eligible (B) titan (C) cling (D) scrutiny
（A）有資格 （B）巨人 （C）依附 （D）嚴密檢查
2. (A) contradict (B) stagnant (C) probationary (D) alienate
（A）反駁 （B）停滯的 （C）適用的 （D）疏遠
3. (A) amnesty (B) counterparts (C) sanction (D) hostile
（A）特赦 （B）對應人群 （C）批准 （D）敵對
4. (A) sweeping (B) clawing (C) encapsulating (D) swelling
（A）掃除 （B）用爪子抓 （C）壓縮 （D）水漲船高
5. (A) proponent (B) deficit (C) verge (D) sentiment
（A）提議者 （B）短缺，赤字 （C）邊緣 （D）情緒
The UK government has put immigration reform and the economy at the heart 6___（B）___ its plans for the new parliamentary session. 7___（A）___ the center of the government’s legislative agenda is a new bill with tough new measures to continue immigration reform and prevent illegal immigrants accessing services they’re not entitled to. The legislation will also contain measures to make it harder for people to prevent their removal with 8___（B）___ appeals, reduce the complexity of immigration law and make clear that foreign national offenders should 9____（C）__ , except in extraordinary circumstances. Measures to make deportation easier may also reflect the Home Office’s long-running, and so far unsuccessful, efforts to deport radical Islamist cleric Abu Qatada. A series of legal appeals have 10____（C）___ the Jordanian national in the country.
由英國政府新國會實施的計劃6________(核心當中)，提到了移民方面的改革和經濟議題。而7________(處在核心)的政府立法議程當中，就有一項要立即執行的議案，主張著要繼續改革移民相關法律，目的是避免非法移民進入他們沒資格進入的公共設施。立法機關也包含一些措施，內容如下：為了避免人們8_______的訴求被政府排除掉，也為了減少移民相關法律的複雜程度，清楚告訴人們：外籍的國家級犯法人士除了在特殊情境以外的情況下，應該9_________（被驅逐出境），這些措施應該從嚴執行。而進行驅逐出境的順利過程，也反映了英國內政部將長期奮鬥的決心，目前為止將激進伊斯蘭教的重要人物——阿布.卡塔達，給放逐出去的努力成果，迄今尚未成功，且約旦足球隊的多項法律上訴，也使得他們本身10_______（已）被困在英國國內。
6. (A) at (B) of (C) with (D) on
At the heart of 為固定用法，意思是“在核心的”。
7. (A) At (B) Of (C) With (D) On
At the center of 為固定用法，意思是“處在核心的”。用法和 in the center of類似。
8. (A) derail (B) petition (C) overhaul (D) spurious
（A）出軌 （B）請求，請願 （C）檢修 （D）偽造的
9. (A) deport (B) being deported (C) be deported (D) have been deported
Deport意思是驅逐出境，而對象是national offenders（國家級犯法人士），自然成為被動的對象（賓語），而既然空格前方有should助動詞，自然要直接加上非經修飾的動詞原型狀態。(C)和(D)雖然都符合這些情形，但D選項的should+have+been意思是 某件事情或物品原本該被動呈現的狀態，像I should have been bitten by a dog. 是指我過去原本應被狗咬一口，但實際上沒發生，而這些犯法人士被放逐本就是天經地義的事情，故應當以普通被動形態呈現，選(C)。
10.(A) keep (B) being kept (C) kept (D) been kept
同樣，空格前方有have助動詞，自然後方的空格要立即加上過去分詞狀態，因此(A)，(B)排除。此處的keep……in意思為：A將B處在某種狀態。此句意思是法律上訴使得約旦足球隊處在不自由狀態，他們因此無法離開英國，主詞是法律上訴的動作，賓語是約旦足球隊，由此可知該選擇（C）的主動式，而非（D）的被動式。
四、Essay（30 分） Write an essay on the topic: The relationship between border security and immigration right.
（範例文章）
Since 2010, we have heard some news about Africans’ immigration to Europe. As the number of these residents is increasing, we cannot help but ponder about some questions: What sort of motivations make these Africans leave their motherlands? Would their immigration right be secured along their journeys? Here are some examples:
Civil wars have been happening for more than thirties, making numerous African people get exposed to a variety of miseries, such as starvation, poor sanitation, and poverty. When they heard the ideal economic growth in Europe, they were determined to emigrate to a couple of nations like Italy, German, France, even U.K. in pursuit of a promising future. Of course, the process was pretty painstaking. There were some African immigrants who drowned in the sea when traversing the Mediterranean, which would be the next issue the border security of European authorities should not ignore.
Among all the Europeans’ countries, Germany showed the greatest mercy and kindness by adopting African immigrants. Merkel, the former Chancellor of Germany, welcomed them by offering some job opportunities. However, another problem arises, as the African flocked in, border security involving rising burdens of German governments, rising crime rate, and so on. That’s why some German citizens were opposed to such a policy. Under this circumstance, to resolve the problem brought from border security, the German government has to negotiate with some African governments. To generate a consensus a majority of people would agree on would be the next goal the German government has to achieve.