111年內軌三等警察專業英文解析
以下是111年內軌三等警察英文解析，希望對同學有幫助：
一、 英譯中：（10 分）
Not until the late 19th century did imprisonment become the most common penalty for most crimes. This resulted in great part from the work of criminologists who persuaded society against the uselessness of other punishments.
直到19世紀前，多數的犯罪事件中，拘禁是最為常見的刑罰方式。使得犯罪學家努力告訴社會，其餘犯罪刑罰毫無達到效果，實在不合理。
二、中譯英：（15 分）
傳統上人們被教導，努力工作就會成功。但事實上，一開始就快樂的人比較容易成功，一開始就不快樂的人比較可能失敗。
Traditionally, people were taught to work hard so that they would succeed. But in fact, those who were happy in the beginning are more likely to succeed easier. Those who were unhappy are more likely to fail.
41 The Ministry of Justice launched three mobile units outfitted with forensic imaging systems to better support prosecutors and police investigations. The truck can go wherever needed for post-___（D）__examinations, and the new scanning devices provide better-quality images, helping solve criminal cases and providing easy access to digital data for presentation at court hearings.
(A) trauma (B) perseverance (C) penetration (D) mortem
法務部發動三輛機動車輛，且這些車輛外殼都標有法醫成像系統，如此設計是為了更有效支援檢察官和警方調查等事宜。不管是哪裏需要______檢驗，車輛都能抵達，且配備的掃描裝置可提供最佳品質影像，能幫助解決刑事案件，也能在法院聆聽他人時，提供簡易進入數位系統檔案的途徑。
（A）創傷 （B）毅力 （C）穿透 （D）屍體檢驗
42 On April 16, Kaohsiung’s police bureau clarified the origins of footage showing police shooting a mobster dead in a recent disinformation video that has been widely circulating on social media. The police repeated their request that the public ___（C）__ from sharing this video so as not to cause undue panic in the community.
(A) integrate (B) counterfeit (C) refrain (D) substitute
四月16日，高雄警方已澄清了部分片段影片的來源是假情報，此片段顯示一段警方擊斃了一名流氓，且早已在社交媒體上廣為流傳。因此警方向社會群眾宣導______分享這段影片，以避免社區中不必要的恐慌。
（A）整合 （B）贗品 （C）避免 （D）替代
43 The man accused of shooting 10 people on a Brooklyn subway train was arrested on Wednesday and charged with a federal terrorism offense after the suspect called police to come get him. Frank James, 62, was taken into ___（C）__ about 30 hours after the violence on a rush-hour train, which left people around the city on edge.
(A) transformation (B) accommodation (C) custody (D) influx
星期三當天一名男性被捕，先前已在布魯克林地鐵站朝10人射擊，他叫喚警方將他逮捕過後，被指控國家恐怖攻擊。62歲的富蘭克.詹姆斯，在尖峰時間的火車上犯下暴行，使得市民處於緊張萬分的狀態，因而被_______了大約30小時。
（A）變成 （B）住宿 （C）拘留 （D）湧入
44 Tainan police began to search for Chang after the prosecutors’ office issued a warrant for his arrest. Chang, a former elementary-school teacher from Tainan, who was convicted of sexually___（D）__ one of his students, had been wanted, after he failed to hand himself over to the authorities to start serving his prison sentence.
(A) supervising (B) banishing (C) lingering (D) assaulting
檢察官在辦公室下達搜查令，以逮捕老張，台南警方於是開始尋找老張。這位老張曾是一位小學老師，被指控對學生進行性_______，才被通緝，犯案未遂後，被移送至警局展開服刑。
（A）監督 （B）放逐 （C）徘徊 （D）侵害
45 Taichung police reported a physical ___（B）__ between scooter riders who tried to cross Dajia River Bridge while the Dajia Matsu procession was also crossing.
(A) condemn (B) altercation (C) sanction (D) velocity
據台中警方報告，大甲媽祖遊行前進穿越大甲溪的時候，有兩名騎摩托車的駕駛人在通過此處時發生了肢體_______。
（A）譴責 （B）衝突 （C）批准 （D）速度
46 The Ciaotou District Court has sentenced a farmer to one year and four months in prison and fined him NT$30,000 for modifying an airsoft gun to make it more dangerous. The collegiate bench ruled that the farmer’s___（C）__ was minor and handed down a lighter punishment.
(A) transaction (B) announcement (C) infraction (D) mutation
一名農夫將一把氣槍改造成較為危險的槍支後，被橋頭區法院宣判1年4個月的有期徒刑，和30000元的罰金。合議庭後來判定農夫的______並非重大案件，因而刑罰判的更輕。
（A）交易 （B）宣佈 （C）觸發行為 （D）突變
47 For a domestic violence incident, if a police officer has probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed, the officer must attempt to identify and arrest the ___（B）__.
(A) jury (B) perpetrator (C) plaintiff (D) victim
處理家暴案件，如果警官認為有可能的原因，相信已經有案件發生了。警官必須設法確認這名______，將他逮捕。
（A）陪審團 （B）歹徒 （C）原告 （D）受害者
48 ____（C）____reporting of any suspicious activity to the Police Department can help us prevent further crimes, apprehend the suspects and provide accurate data for federally mandated statistical reporting.
(A) Hesitating (B) Violent (C) Prompt (D) Delayed
對任何可疑活動作出_______報導，再向警察局禀報的話。可防止更多刑案發生，將嫌疑犯逮捕，提供準確資料，做完這些步驟，可向聯邦政府交代有關統計報導的命令。
（A）猶豫的 （B）暴力的 （C）即使 （D）延誤的
49 A person who ___（D）___a minor under the age of twenty to leave his or her family or guardian, shall be sentenced to imprisonment for no more than three years.
(A) counterfeits (B) forges (C) inspects (D) abducts
若_______綁架20歲前離開家庭，或者監護人的未成年人的話，應當被判處3年以下的有期徒刑。
（A）贗品 （B）偽造 （C）檢視 （D）綁架
50 Laos police have seized a record haul of illicit drugs in the Golden Triangle region. More than 55 million methamphetamine tablets and over 1.5 tons of crystal methamphetamine were ____（D）___by Laos police.
(A) accused (B) served (C) appealed (D) intercepted
寮國警方在黃金三角區中，破獲了由船隻運過來的毒品，總計有5500萬的甲基苯丙胺藥片，以及1.5噸的結晶甲基苯丙胺，已由寮國警方_______。
（A）指控 （B）服侍 （C）呼籲，訴諸 （D）攔截
51 Anyone filing a false police report may be prosecuted under ____（D）___ accusation section of the Criminal Code.
(A) mutual (B) benevolent (C) compassionate (D) malicious
任何人若是以不實名義向警察局報案，根據刑法，可以_______控告的罪名起訴。
（A）互相 （B）仁慈的 （C）體貼的 （D）惡意
請依下文回答第 52 題至第 54 題：
Mark Karpeles, arrested in Japan after his bitcoin exchange collapsed from massive hacking, is starting a new business around the same computer technology that 52____（D）____ his legal troubles. Karpeles told reporters that he wants to make Japan a global leader in blockchain, the technology behind virtual money like bitcoin. The 34-year-old Frenchman 53____（B）_____ embezzlement and fraud allegations in March, but is appealing a conviction for manipulating electronic data. Karpeles was arrested in 2015, and spent 11 months 54____（A）____ . Karpeles received a suspended sentence, meaning he is not serving jail time. Prosecutors had demanded 10 years in prison. His lawyer Nobuyasu Ogata said the verdict highlights legal uncertainties in the new area of cryptocurrency crime.
馬克·卡佩勒斯，過去曾經從事比特幣交換，在系統遭受大量非法侵入隨後崩盤後，就在日本被逮捕。如今，他正要創立一家企業，將同樣的電腦科技結合起來，反而52_______了自身的法律麻煩。卡佩勒斯告訴新聞記者，他想讓日本成為區塊鏈的全球領導者，這項區塊鏈的科技，是類似比特幣的虛擬貨幣的幕後工具。三月，這名34歲的法國人的盜用公款和詐騙罪名53________，但隨後他操縱電子檔案這件事，被警方提出上訴。卡佩勒斯於2015年被逮捕，且由11個月的時間54_______。卡佩勒斯被判緩刑，意思是目前不需要服刑。檢察官宣判他10年的有期徒刑。據他的律師信康緒方所述，罪名強調了在新時代中，加密貨幣犯罪在法律上的不確定性。
52 (A) filtered out (B) referred to (C) indulged in (D) led to
（A）過濾掉 （B）提到 （C）沉溺於 （D）導致了
53 (A) was deprived of (B) was cleared of (C) was composed of (D) was trespassed on
（A）被…剝奪 （B）被洗清，被清潔 （C）由…組成 （D）被…越過
54 (A) in detention (B) for the motion (C) in response (D) in this case
（A）被拘留 （B）無此用法。motion:移動 （C）回應 （D）這樣的話
請依下文回答第 55 題至第 58 題：
The Legislative Yuan passed an amendment that reduces the minimum prison sentence for growing marijuana for personal use from five years to one year and lowered the fine from NT$5 million to NT$1 million. Before the change in the law was made, the Narcotics Hazard Prevention Act (毒品危害防制條例) stipulated that people 55___（C）____ guilty of cultivating marijuana with “intentions to supply for manufacturing narcotics” faced a minimum sentence of five years in prison and could also result in a fine of up to NT$5 million. However, because the cultivation of cannabis covers a wide range, Judicial Yuan Interpretation No. 790 in 2020 ruled that the penalties for growing marijuana for personal use failed to meet the principle of proportional punishment 56 ___（D）____ stipulated in the Constitution. Citing the ruling, the Cabinet in March 2021 proposed a revision to the act to impose appropriate punishment for planting marijuana that is commensurate with the crime. A new article stated that those who grow the plant for personal use and 57___（A）____ the “circumstances are minor” should be sentenced to a minimum prison sentence of one year and a maximum of seven years and a fine of 58____（B）_____ NT$1 million. On Tuesday, the third reading of the amendment passed the Legislative Yuan without any objections by any legislators present.
行政院已通過一項修正案，將為了私人用途而種植大麻的最低刑期，從五年降為一年，罰金從五百萬元降到一百萬元。進行這項改變前，依據毒品危害防制條例規定：為了製造，提供等用途而種植大麻55______有罪的人，將面臨最低五年的有期徒刑，可併科五百萬元的罰金。但是，種植大麻的產地很廣大，根據2020年行政院大法官第790號的解釋，為了私人用途而種植大麻的案例，並未達到比例處罰原則，56_______憲法所規定的那樣。內閣引用此規則後，於2021年三月提出了修正案，對於種植大麻的行為，以相稱的犯罪原則實行適當處罰。因此就有了新的法規說明：任何人為了私人用途而種植大麻，且57_______狀況不嚴重57_______。刑期應改為最少1年，最多7年，罰金58_______一百萬元。星期二當天經過行政院三讀通過，沒有一位在場的立法委員反對。
55 (A) was found (B) finding (C) found (D) find
（被判為）
people和空格間有個經過省略的who were。found此處作為受詞補語使用，以連接後方的guilty。A選項多一個be動詞，沒必要，且和複數名詞people不搭。
56 (A) so (B) with (C) for (D) as
（A）所有 （B）有了…（C）為了…（D）如同
57 (A) when (B) where (C) how (D) why
（A）是在…的時候 （B）哪裏 （C）如何 （D）為何
58 (A) no fewer than (B) no more than (C) no sooner than (D) no later than
（A）不少於 （B）不超過 （C）不快於 （D）不晚於
請依下文回答第 59 題至第 60 題：
The linkages between terrorism and organized crime are multifaceted and can manifest themselves in different ways. Generally speaking, terrorist groups and organized crime groups (OCGs) have in theory distinct objectives. Terrorist groups deliberately challenge State authority and seek to produce political change through violent means; their motivations are related to several factors, including, but not limited to ideological ones. OCGs on the other hand typically engage in secret operations so as to obtain a financial or other material benefit while avoiding detection by law enforcement authorities. Rather than aiming to effect political change, the disruption they seek to impose on territories under State authority is meant to perpetuate conditions that are beneficial to their operations. In practical terms, the linkages between terrorism and organized crime become apparent most notably in the financing of terrorism. In other cases, these linkages may involve the smuggling of migrants and illicit arms trafficking involving small arms, light weapons and other military equipment, car theft, illicit mineral extraction, kidnapping for ransom, drug trafficking, trafficking in other illicit goods. Instances involving OCGs facilitating the transport of terrorists across borders activities also represent possible scenarios where these two phenomena become intertwined.
恐怖攻擊和有組織的犯罪之間，有著多方面的關聯，可用不同方法顯示各自差異。總體來說，恐怖份子團體和有組織的犯罪團體，理論上都有不同的目標。恐怖分子團體蓄意挑戰美國政府當局，藉著暴力事件，創造出政局能有改變的機會。他們動機包含了好幾點，但不限於個人意識形態。有組織的犯罪團體另一方面，能從事秘密行動，在避免被法律實施當局偵測行動的同時，能獲取財務上和物質上的利益。他們並非要左右政局的變化，他們在美國當局的領土上，進行攻擊等干擾，是為了讓一些操作手段，且能為他們帶來利益的操作，永久持續下去。在實際術語上，恐怖攻擊和有組織的犯罪的關聯性較為人知的是：他們實施恐怖主義的背後獲利行為。在一些個案中，這些關聯性都和走私移民，小型武器相關的非法武器交易，輕型武器，其他軍事設備，偷竊車輛，非法礦產開挖，為贖金進行的綁架，非法交易毒品，交易其他非法物品等有關。和有組織的犯罪有關的例子，且先前有運送恐怖分子至國家邊境的活動的這類型犯罪，都代表著一些可能出現的劇本，且和恐怖攻擊和有組織的犯罪都脫不了關係。
59 What is the purpose of this passage?
(A)It provides solutions to combat these two types of crimes.
(B)It argues that organized crime groups and terrorist groups can be reconciled if ideological problems can be resolved.
(C)It shows how terrorist groups finance organized crime groups for their operations.
(D)It shows how these organized crime groups and terrorist groups are often united.
59 此文的寫作目的是？
（A）針對這兩種類型的犯罪進行打擊
（B）對於有組織犯罪團體和恐怖分子團體，可藉著個人意識形態，達到和好，解決問題的效果，進行反駁。
（C）藉著他們的運作方式，說明恐怖分子團體如何對有組織犯罪團體進行資金籌措。
（D）說明有組織犯罪團體和恐怖分子團體常用到的聯合方式如何進行。
60 What does the pronoun “they” refer to in the last sentence of the first paragraph?
“Rather than aiming to effect political change, the disruption they seek to impose on territories under State authority is meant to perpetuate conditions that are beneficial to their operations.”
(A) the terrorist groups. (B) the organized crime groups.
(C) smuggling activities. (D) illicit goods
在以下句子的“他們”指的是誰？
“他們並非要左右政局的變化，他們在美國當局的領土上，進行攻擊等干擾，是為了讓一些操作手段，且能為他們帶來利益的操作，永久持續下去。”
（A）恐怖份子團體
（B）有組織犯罪團體
（C）走私活動
（D）非法物品